break up

①(使) 破碎：

The water was covered with ice, which could

sometimes break up without warning.

水面上覆蓋著冰，這些冰有時會突然破碎。

② (使) (關系等) 破裂：

I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.

聽到蘇和保羅分手了我很驚訝。

They decided to break up their partnership.

他們決定結束合作關系。

③ 分解;分拆：

break the company up into several smaller ones

把公司分拆成幾家小公司

④ 驅散;解散：

The police came running and broke up the crowd.

警察跑過來把人群驅散了。

26

bring about 引起;造成：

Science has brought about many changes in our lives.

科學給我們的生活帶來了諸多變化。

27

bring up

① [常用于被動語態(tài)] 撫養(yǎng);養(yǎng)育;教養(yǎng)：

His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.

在他年幼時父親就去世了，他是由母親撫養(yǎng)長大的。

② 提出 (討論等)：

Every time I bring the matter up, he changes the subject.

每當我提起這件事，他就會轉移話題。

28

build up

He has built (up) his business over the years.

這些年來他逐步建立起了自己的生意。

Outdoor activities are really helpful in building up my body and enriching my school life.

戶外活動確實對我增強體質和豐富學校生活有益。

29

carry out 實行;執(zhí)行：

I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.

實施這個計劃我有些困難。

They just carried out the order as told.

他們只是按命令行事。

30

come across

① 偶然遇到;碰見：

When reading articles related to science, we often come across difficult or unfamiliar words.

讀與科學相關的文章時，我們常常碰到難詞或生詞。

② 被理解：

He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across.

他講了很久，但還是沒有把意思講明白。

31

come up with 想出;提出;提供：

Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.

我們班的同學提出了這一想法，以更好利用廢舊材料。

They want to buy the house, but they couldn’t come up with the cash.

他們想買房，但是拿不出這筆現(xiàn)金。

32

figure out 弄清楚;弄明白;計算出：

I couldn’t figure out what I had done to annoy my boss.

我不明白自己做了什么讓老板生氣。

Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?

旅行要花多少費用你算出來沒有?

33

get down to 開始做;開始認真對待：

It’s time we got down to business.

我們該開始干正事了。

34

give away

① 送掉;分發(fā) (獎品等)：

The Students’ Union called on us to give away our used books to the students in the lower grades.

學生會號召我們把用過的書送給低年級的學生。

② 泄露 (秘密);出賣：

I will never give your secrets away again.

我絕不會再泄露你的秘密。

His accent gives him away as a southerner.

他的口音讓人聽出他是南方人。

③ 放棄 (機會等);輸?shù)簦?/p>

Would they give away their chance to win the game?

他們會放棄贏得比賽的機會嗎?

We gave away two goals in the first half.

上半場我們輸了兩個球。

35

give up 放棄;讓：

She decided to give up her job and start a coffee bar.

她決定辭去工作，開一家咖啡館。

He gave up his seat to a pregnant woman.

他把座位讓給了一位孕婦。

36

lead to 致使;導致:

A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.

缺乏自信會導致很多痛苦。

Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite.

好習慣總是會帶來高效率，而壞習慣則相反。

37

leave out

① 遺漏;不包括：

If you study in a systematic way, you won’t leave anything out.

如果你用系統(tǒng)的方法來學習，你就不會遺漏任何東西。

② 被忽視;覺得被冷落：

New fathers often feel left out when baby arrives.

有了孩子后，初為人父者往往有一種被冷落的感覺。

38

live up to 不辜負;符合;履行：

He failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.

他辜負了父母的期望。

39

look up 抬頭看;查閱：

She looked up from her books as I entered the room.

我進入房間時，她從書本上抬起頭來看了看。

If there are words you do not understand, look them up in a dictionary.

如果有不懂的單詞就查字典。

40

put away

① 把…收起;放好：

Kids — will you put away your toys now?

孩子們，現(xiàn)在把玩具收起來好嗎?

② 儲存…備用：

We’re putting some money away for expenses.

我們省下一筆錢來應付開銷。

41

put forward 把…提前;提出：

We have put forward the wedding by two weeks.

我們把婚禮提前了兩周。

Who put forward a theory about black holes?

誰提出了黑洞理論?

42

put off 延期;推遲：

She called this afternoon to put off the meeting to next week.

她下午打電話說把會議推遲到下周。

43

put up with 忍受;容忍：

I can’t put up with their smoking any longer.

我再也無法忍受他們抽煙了。

I can put up with many things, but not with people who steal.

我能容忍很多事情，但絕不容忍小偷小摸的人。

44

run out (of) 用完;耗盡：

In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out.

在未來，愛護環(huán)境將會很重要，因為地球的資源將瀕臨枯竭。

45

set aside 留出;把…置于一旁：

Set aside some time each day to write, even if it is only five minutes.

每天留出一點兒時間來寫作，哪怕只有5分鐘。

46

take on 呈現(xiàn);雇用;接受 ;承擔 ：

Shortly after suffering from a large earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look.

在遭受大地震成為廢墟后不久，這座城市呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。

No more workers are being taken on at present.

眼下不再招收工人。

His secretary will have to take on most of his work while he’s gone.

他的秘書得在他不在的時候承擔他的大部分工作。

47

turn down

① 關小;調低 (音量等)：

Could you please turn down your TV a bit?

你可以把電視音量關小一點兒嗎?

② 拒絕：

How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?

你已經好幾個月沒有工作了，怎么能拒絕這么好的一份工作呢?

48

turn to 轉向;求助于：

Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city.

他們的話題轉到了城市發(fā)生的變化。

Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.

遇到困難時請向警察求助。

49

turn up

① 開大;調高 (音量等) ：

Turn up the radio so that I can hear the program.

把收音機音量開大些，好讓我聽到這個節(jié)目。

② (人) 到達;出現(xiàn)：

He promised that he would come, but he hasn’t turned up yet.

他承諾會來，但還沒出現(xiàn)。

50

bring on

① 使提高;使進步：

More study should bring on your English.

努力學習會提高你的英語水平。

② 引起;導致：

Stress can bring on illness.

壓力會引起疾病。

514

call for

① 需要;要求：

Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way.

有時形勢要求我們表現(xiàn)得強大、勇敢，即使我們自己并不覺得是那樣。

② 去 (某處) 接人 / 物：

I’ll call for you at your home.

我會到你家接你。

52

call up 打電話給;使人想起：

I’ll call you up when I need your help.

我需要你幫助的時候會給你打電話。

This picture called up memories of our class trip.

這張照片使我想起我們班的那次旅行。

53

come down to 歸結為;傳到…手里：

Their quarrel comes down to money.

他們吵架說到底是因為錢。

The custom has come down to us from our old generations.

這個習俗是從祖輩傳下來的。

54

come off

①(從…) 離開：

People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation.

人們度過了繁忙的春夏，有了片刻的清閑。

② 脫落;掉下：

A button had come off.

有顆扣子掉了。

55

come on 快點;進展;算了吧：

Come on , we will be late for the theatre .

快點吧，我們去戲院要遲到了。

56

come to sb 被某人想到：

The answer came to me in a flash.

我突然想到了答案。

57

get in 進入;到達;插話：

A car stopped before him and he got in.

一輛小汽車停在他面前，他上了車。

When does the train get in?

火車幾點進站?

She talks so much that it’s impossible to get a word in.

她說起話來滔滔不絕，讓人一句話都插不進去。

58

give out

① 分發(fā);發(fā)出 (光、熱、信號等);公布：

The teacher gave out the exam papers.

老師發(fā)了試卷。

That lamp doesn’t give out a lot of light.

那盞燈亮度不夠。

The result of the examination won’t be given out.

這次考試成績將不會被公布。

② 耗盡;精疲力竭：

We must go home. Our money has given out.

錢用光了，我們必須回家。

His strength gave out.

他筋疲力盡了。

59

go about 從事;忙于;開始做：

The villagers were going about their business as usual.

村民們如往常一樣忙著自己的事。

If I decided to join the club, how do I go about it?

假如我決定加入這個俱樂部，要做些什么呢?

60

go ahead

①前進;先走

②[用于祈使句] 請吧;說吧：

③(經過計劃或允許后) 開始做：

The government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.

政府計劃明年著手建造大樓。

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