1. 判斷主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者還是承受者

在解答被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)題時(shí)首先要判斷主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)作的關(guān)系,如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,則該句為主動(dòng)句;如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,則該句為被動(dòng)句。依據(jù)句子意思做出正確選擇。

【例1】(2014·浙江寧波·30) I heard that Line 1 of Ningbo Subway　　　　last month.

A. was tested B. is tested

C. tests D. tested

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。由句意“我聽說上個(gè)月寧波一號(hào)鐵路線被檢測(cè)了”判斷,句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受著,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),last month是一般過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。

【答案】A

【例2】(2013·湖北孝感·38)Many trees　　　　on the streets every year. So the air is very fresh now.

A. plant B. are planted

C. planted D. were planted

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)“every year”得知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是many trees,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),因此選B。

【答案】B

【例3】(2013·湖南益陽(yáng)·30)The sports meeting　　　next month.

A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。主語(yǔ)the sports meeting不能執(zhí)行謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hold,是hold的承受者,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。next month說明句子用一般將來時(shí)態(tài),其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為:will be held。故選C。

【答案】C

2. 正確判斷時(shí)態(tài)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)離不開時(shí)態(tài)�？忌�要牢記各種時(shí)態(tài),掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成,不能混淆。依據(jù)句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或上下文暗示,分析判斷句子時(shí)態(tài)。

【例1】(2014·江蘇南京·13)We're sure that the environment in our city 　　　　greatly through our work in the near future.

A. improved B. was improved

C. has improved D. will be improved

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。句意:我們相信我們城市的環(huán)境在不久的將來通過我們的工作將被大大改善。”由句中的in the near future判斷,該句要用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式,所以選D。

【答案】D

【例2】(2013·江西·35)The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book　　　　into French as soon as it came out.

A. was translated B. translated

C. is translated D. translates

【解析】　考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 根據(jù)題干his new book和translate的關(guān)系,應(yīng)該選擇被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),又根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句as soon as it came out是一般過去時(shí)態(tài),可知“被翻譯”也是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故選A。

【答案】A

【例3】(2013·浙江寧波·35)—Have you finished your project?

—Not yet. I'll finish it if I　　　　ten more minutes.

A. give B. am given

C. will give D. will be given

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:如果再給我十分鐘我會(huì)完成它。主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。故選B。

【答案】B

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