人教版初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)第六單元語(yǔ)法

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(二)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：

①He invented the telephone in 1876.

→The telephone was invented (by him) in 1876.

②Sam didn't find the book when he came into the room.

→The book wasn't found by Sam when he came into the room.

③They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

→The building of a new car factory was agreed by them last month.

④The students didn't forget his lessons easily.

→His lessons were not forgotten by the students easily.

【注意】(1)用直接賓語(yǔ)作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如：

①He sent me aphoto yesterday.

→A photo was sent to me (by him) yesterday.

②Her father bought her a nice hat.

→A nice hat was bought for her (by her father).

(2)某些動(dòng)詞，如：let, see, make, hear, watch, notice等在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中作謂語(yǔ)，后可接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，省略的動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to要還原。如：

①I saw him run out of the classroom.

→He was seen to run out of the classroom (by me).

②The man often makes his son do exercise.

→His son is often made to do exercise (by the man).

(3)某些不及物動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞搭配構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如：look after, take care of, cut down, laugh at, talk about, turn on, listen to, put off等后可接賓語(yǔ)，但變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)把動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)看作一個(gè)整體，短語(yǔ)中的介詞或副詞不可省略。如：

①She always looks after the little girl.

→The little girl is always looked after (by her).

②All the students listen to the teacher carefully in class.

→The teacher is listened to carefully in class (by all the students).

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