來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-03-30 19:21:54
2. 表示傾向性和習(xí)慣性:
Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.
3. 一般將來時(shí)的幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨析:
1) will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形
多用于表達(dá)主觀愿望或必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情(“將會(huì)如何”)
*shall作助動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般只用于第一人稱
2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生或打算要做的事:
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
3) be to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作:
He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
4) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,意為“馬上要做某事”,后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語,如:
The plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.
4
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
標(biāo)志:be + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
1. 表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作:
She is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are you waiting for?
It is raining hard.
2. 表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行):
I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.
3. 表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往包含說話者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:
John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.
He is always thinking of others first.
4. 表示將來
1) 表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:
Uncle Wang is coming.
They're leaving for Beijing.
2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情。如:
Please drop in when you are passing my way.
If he is still sleeping, don’t wake him up.
5
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
標(biāo)志:was / were + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
1. 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中常用的時(shí)間狀語有the whole morning, all day yesterday, from January to March last year等。如:
I was having a talk with Lucy at that time.
They were watching TV at home last night.
2. 表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往包含說話者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:
My brother was always losing his keys.
3. 表示按計(jì)劃、安排過去某時(shí)刻將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:
He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)有一個(gè)主要用法就是描述一件事情發(fā)生的背景(一個(gè)長動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)候,另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生):
Granny fell asleep when she was reading.
It was raining when they left the station.
6
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
標(biāo)志:have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
1. 表示一個(gè)過去發(fā)生并已完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的狀況(表示“已完成”)。如:
He has left the city. (結(jié)果:他目前不在這個(gè)城市)
Someone has broken the window. (結(jié)果:窗戶破了)
2. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開始于過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去(表示“未完成”)。
I have been busy since last week.
He has taught in our school for 30 years.
I’ve finished half so far.
注意 瞬間動(dòng)詞通常是不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表持續(xù)性的,但其否定結(jié)構(gòu)則可以。如:
She hasn’t seen you for ages.
His father hasn’t touched beer for a whole week.
3. 表示過去到現(xiàn)在為止反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或多次出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),常與表示頻度的副詞always, often, every day等連用。如:
I have often heard that he is the cleverest person in that company.
4. 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。如:
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go the park.
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