（二）冠詞

　　1．定冠詞－the .

　　○1 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The students are very good.

　　○2 說(shuō)話人與聽(tīng)話人都知道的人或事物。Where is the toilet ?

　　○3 重復(fù)提到上文的人或事物。I have a cat , the cat is white and black .

　　○4 表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。The moon moves around the earth .

　　○5 形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞前和表示方位的名詞前。I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south .

　　○6 洋樂(lè)器的名稱前常用定冠詞－the 。I like playing the piano / violin .

　　○7 和某些形容詞連用，使形容詞名詞化，代表某一類人。We should help the poor . 但play Erhu.

　　○8 放在某些專有名詞前。We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the People's Republic of China .

　　○9 放在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示全家人或夫婦兩人。The Whites are watching TV .

　　○10 固定詞組中。In the morning / afternoon / evening .

　　2．不定冠詞－a / an .

　　○1 指人或事物的某一種類。A horse is a useful animal. A table has four legs.

　　○2 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。Pass me a pencil, please. We write with a pen.

　　○3 指某人或某物，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。The book was written by a peasant. Last month we were working in a factory.

　　○4 不定冠詞還可以指"事物的單位"，如"每日"、"每斤"等。 Here is a letter for you . The meat is 18 yuan a kilo.

　　3．零冠詞。

　　○1 泛指人類或男女。Man will conquer nature .

　　○2 抽象名詞在用來(lái)表示它的一般概念時(shí)，通常不加冠詞。Knowledge begins with practice .

　　○3 有些個(gè)體名詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化成具有抽象意義，其前面也常不加冠詞。We had better send him to hospital at once.

　　○4 在專有名詞前一般不用冠詞。China is a great country. Mr Smith is an artist.

　　○5 在三餐飯、球棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)名稱之前不用冠詞。He often goes out for a walk after supper. Sometimes I play basketball.

　　○6 在節(jié)假日、星期幾、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前。September 10th is Teachers' Day.

　　○7 稱呼語(yǔ)或表示頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞前不用冠詞。Granny is sleeping now. We call him monitor.

　　○8 在語(yǔ)言名詞前，名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞或數(shù)詞時(shí)，不用冠詞。This is his book. I can speak English .

　　○9 不用冠詞的慣用語(yǔ)。At night / on food / go to town / at home / in class / at work 等。
 

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